Card processing apparatus



March 7, 1967 R. M. HAYES ETAL 3,307,463

' CARDPnocEssING APPARATUS oiginal Filed Jan. 12, 1959 v 12 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 7, 1967 R. M. HAYES gm.' 3,307,463

CARD PROCESSING APPARATUS Original Filed Jan. l2. 1959 l2 Sheets-Sheet 2 will March 7, 1967 n n R. M. HAYES efr/x1,v 3,307,463

CARD PROCESSING APPARATUS Original Filed Jan. l2, 1959 12 Sheets-Sheet l5 iff/5 March 7, 1967 R. M. HAYES ETAL. 3,307,453 X CARD PROCESSING APPARATUS originalmled Jan. 12. 1959 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 March 7, 1967 R. M. HAYES ETAL. 3,307,463

` CARD PROCESSING A1=PARATUs original Filed Jan. 12, 1959 lzsheets-Sheet 5 j a 7 laff l2 Sheets-Sheet 6 R, M. HAYES ETAL CARD PROCESSING APPARATUS March 7, 1967 Original-Filed Jan. l2, l 1959 lyre/MM M11-rch 7, 1967 R. M. HAYES ETAL 3,307,463

' CARD PROCESSING APPARATUS original Filed Jan; 12, 1959 12 Sneetsneew March 7,' 1967 R. M. HAYES ETAL CARD PROCESSING APPARATUS lZvSheets-Sheet 8 Original Filed Jan. l2, 1959 NSN mxm S March 7, 1967 R. M. HAYES ETAL I CRD PROCESSING APPARATUS original Filed Jan. 12. 1959 l2 Sheets-Sheet 9 March 7, 1967 lR. 1M. HAYES ETAL CARD PROCESSING APPARATUS lorigfuml Filedy Jan.`12, 1959 SSO mmm www 12 Sheets-Sheet 10 ,s Vif i NW March 7, 1967 R. M. HAYES ETAL GARD PROCESSING APPARATUS Y' 12 sheets-sheet 11 original Filed Jan. 12, 1959 March 7, 1967 R. M. HAYES ETAL GARD 'PROCESSING APPARATUS OriginaLFledJan. l2. 1959 12 sheets-sheet 12 Pnal United States Patent O s Claims. (ci. 95-73) The present invention relates to document storage sys-tems, and it relates more particularly to systems and apparatus for photographically recording documentary data on each of a plurality of individual cards and for recording identifying information on the cards which pertains to the documentary data and is a division of oui copending application Serial No. 786,214, led January l2, 1959, now Patent No. 3,100,431. The invention also relates to apparatus and systems for sensing the identifying information on the various cards to make cards carrying required documentary data readily available or to add cards bearing new documentary data into the proper locations in the over-all file.

In general, the system and apparatus of the invention is intended t-o provide for the storage of large quantities of documen-tary data and, lat the same time, to provide for the automatic and rapid access to any desired portion of the data le.

Card processing systems and apparatus are known in which dat-a is stored on a plurality of individual cards. The data is so stored either in the form of punchings conforming -to a coded pattern, in the form of groupings of magnetic dots of north or south polarity selected in accordance with a predetermined code, or in a variety of other ways.

The information storage cards referred to in the preceding paragraph are stored in the card processing apparatus in a stacked condition in one or more card holding stations. Equipment has been devised which is capable of receiving the cards in succession from the card holding stations, and which includes transport means for carrying the cards in a progression past suitable transducerys. Thesev transducers serve to convert the data on the various cards into electrical signals.

The transducers process the recorded data on the cards to initiate appropriate controls. These controls enable the cards to be sorted, collated, or otherwise dealt with at a high speed. Also, the transducers may be controlled to read data from the cards or to write new data on the cards.

The present invention will be described in conjunction. with the magnetic recording type of cards, and in conjunction with apparatus for handling such cards which utilized one or more rotatable vacuum .pressure transport drums for carrying the cards from one station to another. It will be clear, however, as the description proceeds that the invention can be used with many different types of card recording techniques and card transport systems.

The need for large volume document storage with fast, mechanized selective access to the stored documents, has been rapidly increasing in recent years. The development of microfilm techniques has been a big step in overcoming the problems of handling and storing copies of individual documents. However, this type of storage is inherently on a continuous storage basis, and it is virtually impossible with microfilm techniques to organize files having a feasible accessibility to the individual items in the les. It is also impossible for all practical purposes to accommodate for the growth of individual portions of the stored document-ary data in a microfilm type of system.

The limitations of microfilm processes, such as those 3,307,463 Patented Mar. 7, 1967 pointed out above, have led in recent years to the development of unit document storage means in which document copies are stored on individual cards or the like. However, prior art systems and apparatus using such cards in accordance with prior 'art practice do not fully answer the basic problems of rapid mechanized access to any desired group of the stored documentary copies.

An important object of the present invention is to provide an improved document storage system which is capa-ble of providing document storage on an individual card basis, 'and which system exhibits an ability to select rapidly any desired card or group of cards.

The improved document storage apparatus and system of the invention is also advantageous in that it may be constructed to provide for the handling of expansions in any portion of the document-ary data stored in the system, the arrangement being such that new cards representing such expansion can be quickly and conveniently collated to the proper location in the system. Als-o, the improved documentary storage apparatus and system of the embodiment of the invention to be described exhibits an ability to conveniently update and modify the identifying data on any of the cards used in the system.

In the embodiment of the invention to be described, the documentary data is recorded photographically in reduced size on each of a plurality of separate cards. For example, each card may bear photographic impressions of several documentary pages. In addition, the identifying information for each card is recorded on the card in the form of magnetic dots of one polarity or the other. However, the identifying information can be recorded in any other form such as punched holes or opaque dots responsive to ph-otoelectric techniques.

By the use of cards such as those described above, and by the provision of apparatus for handling such cards, many significant advantages can be gained. For example, files can be easily -organized for maximum etciency with respect to access of individual documentary items. Also, as noted above, new items can be easily collated into their proper location in the file and other items can easily be removed for transfer t-o other files.

A further advantage of the embodiment of the invention to be described is the fact that the magnetic coded identifying data on the various cards can easily be changed for revision and updating purposes. Moreover, the handling speeds of the apparatus to be described in transporting the cards for collating, sorting and selection are of the order of hundreds of cards per second. In addition, the equipment which will be described is extremely reliable in its operation.

The photographic storage of the document images on the cards can be conveniently carried out by use of recent techniques that have been developed in photographic processes. For example, diazo emulsions offer a completely automatic self-contained exposure and development of the emulsions. This means that a separate chemical developing process for the photographic images on the cards is unnecessary.

The concepts and further features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood by a considerati-on of the following description and of the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 shows an information storage card fabricated in accordance with the invention, the card being shown on a somewhat enlarged scale to illustrate clearly the manner in which magnetic data is recorded on a portion of the card and photographic images are placed on another portion;

FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of suitable' apparatus for producing master cards in accordance with the present invention from data derived from a punched tape and from a microfilm;

FIGURE 3 is a top plan View of the apparatus of FIGURE 2, this latter view showing in greater detail the Various components which make up the apparatus for forming master cards in accordance with the invention;

FIGURE 4 is a partial sectional view substantially on the line 4-4 of FIGURE 3 to show .the constructional details of a vacuum pressure transporting drum which forms one of several similar transporting media which are used in the apparatus of FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 5 is a sectional view substantially on the line 5 5 of FIGURE 3 and showing the details of one of the gate transfer mechanisms which are used in the apparatus of FIGURE 3 to effect a transfer of cards from one transport drum to another;

FIGURE 6 is a circuit diagram of a logic control system for providing the required controls for the apparatus of FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 7 is a top plan view of suitable apparatus for -collating the master cards produced by the apparatus of FIGURE 2 with associated index cards, the collating apparatus providing a stack of cards in which each master card is followed by all the index cards pertaining to the particular master card;

FIGURE 8 is a circuit diagram of the logic control system required to accomplish the desired purpose of the apparatus of FIGURE 7;

FIGURE 9 is a perspective view in somewhat schematic form of suitable apparatus for use in conjunction with the apparatus of FIGURE 3 to effect a photographic transfer from the microfilm to the master cards, and also to effect photographic transfersv from each master card to its associated index cards;

FIGURE 10 i-s a circuit diagram of a suitable logic control system for controlling the apparatus of FIGURE 3 to enable that apparatus automatically to transfer photographic data from each master card to its associated index cards;

FIGURE 11 is a top plan View of suitable apparatus for automatically separating the index cards from the master cards, and for separating the index cards into various subject matter groups;

FIGURE 12 is a logic diagram of a suitable control system for the apparatus of FIGURE l;

FIGURE 13 is a perspective view of suitable apparatus in which the cards of the present invention maybe stored and which enables a desired card to be selected; and

FIGURE 14 is a representation of logic circuitry capable of automatically controlling the equipment of the invention.

The information storage card illustrated in FIGURE 1 is designed to carry a set of document images, as well as coded magnetic identifying data. The card dimensions m-ay, for example, be 1 x 3" x .005". The card may have a base formed of a plastic material such as the material presently marketed by the E. I. du Pont de Nemours Company and designated by that company as Mylarf A layer of magnetizable oxide is formed on the portion of the -base which constitutes the magnetic area. This area may extend the length of the card and have a width, for example, of 378th of an inch. This magnetizable oxide layer is of the type having a high retentivity so that localized areas of the layer can be permanently magnetized with a north polarity or with a south polarity in accordance with a designated code.

A layer of photographic emulsion is also formed on the base to provide the photographic storage area for the documentary images. This latter layer may also extend, for example, the length of the card and it may have a width of sth inch. A thin protective layer of Mylar may then be formed over the magnetic and photographic storage areas.

The magnetic storage area 11 on each card may, for

example, have a storage capacity of 256 characters of data. The data may, for example, be formed in eight parallel rows, with 256 binary `bits in each row. The organization may then be such that 256 columns of binary data are formed on each card, with each column representing a multi-digit binary number. This binary number, in turn, may represent a decimal number equivalent or a letter or word, depending on the type of coding used. The magnetic data may then be organized into fields, with each field being devoted to a different type of significant information. In each instance, of course, the -magnetic data serves to index and identify the documentary images on the particular card. The purpose of the magnetic data is to permit the card to be automatically processed so that the card or cards representing a desired group of documents may be quickly selected from the entire file, whenever such cards are desired, and later reentered in the file.

The photographic storage area 13 of each of the information storage cards may have, for` example, a capacity for receiving the photographic images of seven document pages. Each page may have a normal dimension of 81/2 x 14, for example, and the photographic reduction ratio may conveniently be of the order of 25:1.

When a document is received which is to be incorporated into the storage system of the invention, the document is first microfilmed in accordance with usual microfilming techniques. The microfilming may, for example, be on 16 mm. film, and the usual page frame symbols and end of document symbols may be used.

Then, by a standard key punching operation, based on a reading of the microfilm, a punched tape record is produced. This record will include the document number and page count. As noted above, in a particular example it is proposed that each information card will have a capacity to receive the photographic images of seven document pages. Therefore, a punched tape record will include a punching at the end of each interval corresponding to seven document pages, and this punching will be used in a manner to be described to control the release of a new master card whose composition will also be described. Also, for any document having more than seven pages, the identifying data on the punched tape will be arranged so that a plurality of master cards may be properly identified as carrying documentary images of several pages all pertaining to a single document.

The microfilm and the punched tape are then acted on by the apparatus shown in FIGURE 2 to provide one or more master cards for each document, as determined by the number of documentary pages.

The apparatus of FIGURE 2 includes a table top 11, and three rotatable vacuum pressure drums 12, 14 and 116 are mounted on the table top. The drums 12 and 14 are mounted contiguous to one another, as are the drums 14 and 16. The drums 12 and 16 may be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction, and the drum 14 may be rotated in a clockwise direct-ion. The constructional details of these drums will be described subsequently. Each drum is controlled so that it produces a vacuum pressure at its peripheral surface, and this vacuum pressure serves to firmly retain the information cards ion that surface to enable such cards to be transported from one station to another. The drums 12 and 14 rotate at an equal and relatively high speed, whereas the drum 16 rotates intermittently at a relatively low speed.

A quantity of cards such as the card described in conjunction with FIGURE 1 are stored in an upright, stacked condition in a feed type of card holding station 18. The feed station 18 is mounted on the table top 11 a-nd is disposed with its mouth adjacent the peripheral surface of the drum 12. The cards are controllably fed from the feed station 18 to the periphery of the drum 12. Each such card that is fed to the drum 12 is carried by it and subsequently transferred to the drum 14. 'I'l'ie card is then transferred to the drum 16, to be later returned to the drum 14 and then returned to the drum 12. The A to a transducer 24. The transducer is mounted on the table top 11, and it incorporates a plurality of electromagnetic Writing-reading transducer heads. The transducer may have any appropriate known construction. For example, it may be constructed in the manne-r described in copending application 505,248, filed May 2, 1955, in the name of Alfred Nelson et al., or in copending application 688,202, filed October 4, 1957, in the name of Eric Azari et al. The transducer is positioned on the table top 11 adjacent the periphery of the drum 14.

When the signals from the tape 22 are fed to the transducer 24, this transducer causes the magnetic storage area of the transported cards such as the card to be magnetized with dots of north or south polarity in accordance with the data to be recorded, and the magnetized data on the different cards corresponds to the data punched in the tape 22. Therefore, as each master card is carried lby the drum 14 past the transducer 24, identifying information on the tape 22 corresponding -to that master card is transferred to the magnetic area of the card. The card is then transferred to the drum 16 so that the c-orresponding photographic images may be recorded on it.

As each master card receives its identifying information from the punched tape 22 and by the transducer 24, the card is transferred to the drum -16. It is carried by the later drum past an exposure station 26 at which the images from the microfilm are exposed onto the photographic emulsion on the particular card.

As noted above, the drum 16 is moved in lan intermittent manner in synchronism with the drive of the drum 16. Seven frames of the microfilm corresponding, for

example, to the storage capacity of each card, are simulta-v neously exposed onto the photographic area of the card during a dwell interval 4in the intermittent drive of the` drum 16 Iand of the microfilm. The card is then carried by the drum 16 to a developing station which is represented schematically Yas 28. As noted above, when a particular type of photographic technique is used, using diazo emulsions, for example, the exposure and developing can be combined in a single stati-on. Suitable apparatus for effecting this will be described subsequently in conjunction with 'FIGURE 9.

The master card in the particular apparatus being discussed now contains a set of seven photographic images corresponding respectively to seven different documentary pages, and it also includes magnetic information which identifies the document. This card is then returned to the drum 14, and it is subsequently returned to the drum 12 to be stacked in the stack station 20'. In this manner, a plurality of master cards are provided in the stack station, with each master card bearing a set of photographic documents images and carrying magnetic information identifying the document.

As noted above, the apapratus of FIGURE 2 is shown in somewhat more detail in FIGURE 3. As shown in FIGURE 2, the feed station 18 has a feed head 50 associated with it. This head may be constructed in the manner described and claimed in copending application 552,506 which was filed December l2, 1955, in the name 0f Hans M. Stearn. This feed head extends through the leading wall of the station 18 (with respect to the rot-ation of the drum 16), and it projects partially across the mouth of the station. A vacuum pressure is established at the 6. face of the feed head, and the' cards in the station are biased toward the mouth of the station and against the fa-ce of the feed head to be retained in the station by the vacuum pressure established at that face. The leading portion ofthe leading card in the station also engages the periphery of the drum 12. Therefore, the vacuum pressure at the periphery of the drum 12 tends to withdraw the leading card from the feed station 18, but the vacuum pressure which is establishe-d at the face of the feed head 50 overcomes that tendency and holds the card in the station.

A suitable solenoid-controlled valve is included in the line to the feed head 50` so that the v-acuum pressure at the head c-an be controllably interrupted. Whenever such an interruption is effecutated, the leading card is drawn by the drum 12 out of the feed station 18 and through a throat formed by the leading edge of the trailing wall of the station -and the periphery of the drum 12. The dimensions of this throat are such that a single card only may be released from the station at any particular time. Therefore, by controlling the actuation of the solenoid valve in the feed line of the feed head 50, the leading card may be released from the feed station 18 whenever such a release is desired.

The released card is carried on the periphery of the drum 12, and it may be transferred to the vacuum transport drum 14 by a gate transfer mechanism 52. This g-ate transfer mechanism maybe similar to the mechanism described in copending application 562,152 which was filed January 30, 1956, in the name of Peck et al. The gate transfer mechanism 52 will also be described in some detail in conjunction with FIGURE 5. This mech- -anism is controlled to emit streams of a pressurized fluid, such as air, tangentially of the periphery of the drum 12. Whenever such streams are emitted, a card coming under their influence is stripped from the periphery of the drum 12 and brought under the iniiuence of the vacuum pressure at the periphery of the drum 14. The master card is thereby transferred to the drum 14 so that it may be carried by it past the transducer head 24 to Vreceive the required magnetic identifying data.`

The drum 16, as( noted above, is driven intermittently at a relatively low speed. This latter drum also is constructed to provide a vacuum pressure 1at its peripheral surface. Unlike the drums 12 and 14, the periphery of the low speed drum 16 is provided with a series of axially extending ribs 54 which are equi-angularly spaced about the periphery by distances corresponding to the length of the cards. These ribs define a series of peripheral pockets about the drum 16 which serve to receive the cards transferred to the drum 16 from the drum 14.

A further gate transfer mechanism 56 is mounted on the table top 11 adjacent the contiguous point of the drums 14 and 16. The gate transf-er mechanism 56 may be similar in its construction to the gate transfer mechanism S2'. The gate transfer mechanism 56 produces controllable streams of pressurized fluid such as air tangentially of the periphery of the drum 14. When a card is carried by the periphery of the drum 14 into the vicinity of these streams, its leading edge is forced outwardly from the drum and is carried by the drum into arresting engagement with one of the ribs 54 on the periphery of the drum 16, which is rotating intermittently at a slower speed than the drum 14. As the drums 14 and 16 rotate, the leading edge of the card to be transferred is peeled out from the periphery of the drum 14 by the pressurized streams from the gate 56, and this card rides up over a gate transfer mechanism 58 which is mounted adjacent the gate transfer mechanism 56. The lea-ding edge of the card then strikes a slow-moving rib 54 which `arrests the card so that it slides on the periphery of the drum 14. Then as the drum 16 slowly rotates in its intermittent manner, the card is transferred to the periphery of the drum 16, with the transferred card lying in one of the peripheral pockets defined by a corresponding pair of the ribs 54.

The gate transfer mechanism 58 may be constructed in a manner similar to the gate transfer 4mechanisms 52 and 56, and it serves to produce streams of pressurized fluid tangentially of the drum 16 to transfer cards from that drum back to the periphery of the drum 14. Likewise, a gate transfer mechanism 60 is mounted adjacent the gate transfer mechanism 52, and it too may have a similar construction to the other gate transfer mechanisms. The gate transfer mechanism 60 serves to return the cards from the drum 14 to the drum 12. The returned cards are then carried by the drum to the stack station 20.

The stack station is equipped with a stack head 62,

this stack head being mounted on the table top 11 adja-l cent the trailing wall of the stack station 20 (with respect to the rotation of the drum 12). The stack head 62 has lingers which extend into close proximity with the periphery of the drurn 12. Each card transported by the drum across the mouth of the station 20 rides up over the fingers of the stack head 62 and is arrested by the stack head. The arrested card extends across the mouth of the station 20. A stationary pick-olf member 64 is mounted on the table top 11 adjacent the leading wall of the stack station 20. This pick-olic member is displaced angularly from the stack head 62 by a distance which is less than the length of the cards. The pick-off member is` bulged outwardly from the periphery of the drum 12, and it also has fingers which extend into close proximity with the periphery of the drum. The arrested card, therefore, first rides up over the pick-off 64 and is arrested across the mouth of the stack station 20 with its trailing edge held out from the periphery of the drum 12. The next succeeding card then passes up over the pick-off and under the preceding card to deposit the preceding card in the stack station. In this manner, the cards are stacked in the stati-on 20 in their proper sequence, and any tendency for jamming is avoided.

The microfilm is drawn past a suitable exposing lamp 66 at the exposure station 26. This station may include the usual photographic equipment and synchronous drive for themicrolm to enableV a plurality of frames from the microfilm to be exposed onto the photographic emulsion of each master card. This exposure, as noted, occurs when a master card is arrested by the intermittently driven drum 16 at the exposure station. After such exposure, the master card is carried to the Ideveloping station 28 so that the documentary images may be developed, and the master card is then returned to the stack station 20.

In a manner to be described, the feed head'50 of the feed station 18 is lirst controlled to release a master card. The gate 52 is then activated at the proper time to transfer the master card to the drum 14. A selected recording from the magnetic tape 22 is written on the master card by the write transducer 24, and the gate transfer mechanism 56 is subsequently activated to transfer the card to the drum 16. The card is then carried to the exposure station 26 so that the documentary images from the microfilm may be exposed onto it, which images pertain to the document corresponding to the magnetic data recorded on the card from the punched tape.

The master card is then carried to the developing station 28, and the gate transfer mechanism 58 is activated at the proper time to return the card to the drum 14. The gate transfer mechanism 60 is then activated to transfer the card back to the drum 12, and the card is carried to the stack station 20 for stacking in that station. When the above-described operations have been completed, a secon-d master card is automatically released from the station 18 to undergo the same treatment. The end result is a stack of master cards in the station 20, with each stack containing groups of photographic documentary images and corresponding identifying magnetically recorded information.

The drums 12, 14 and 16 may be constructed in a manner similar to that described in Patent No. 2,883,189, issued to Loren Wilson. Such a drum will be described in conjunction with FIGURE 4. As noted above, FIG- URE 4 is a representation of the drum 12. However, the drums 14 and' 16 may be similarly constructed. Of course, -other transport media lmay be used, and the rotatable transport drums are described in this application merely as a convenient example of an appropriate transport medium.

When so desired, the `drums 12 and 14 may be stationary, and the cards may be driven around their peripheries by air streams in accordance with Bern-oulli principles.

As fully described in the Wilson Patent No. 2,883,189, the drum 12 is provided with a lower section and an upper section. The lower section of the drum inclu-des a disklike bottom portion 118 and an integral annular side portion 102. A pair of axially spaced peripheral slots 122 and 124 extend through the s-ide portion 120. The slots 122 and 124 extend completely around the periphery of the side portion 120. In order to retain the integraly construction of the side portion 120, this portion may rbe reinforced at its inner surface by al plurality of ribs 126. A pair of axially spaced peripheral grooves extend' around the peripheral surface of the side portion 120.v These grooves are respectively positioned adjacent the slots 1212 and 124, and they receive the above-described finger-like portions of the stack head 62 and of the pick-off 64 as` sociated with the stack station 20.

The disk-like bottom portion 118 of the lower section of the drum is undercut as shown at 128. This enables the table top 11 to extend beyond the outer limits of the side portion so that the side portion overlaps the table top in the manner shown. Therefore, the cards supported endwise on the table top by the feed station 18 and by the. stack station 20 have no tendency to slip down between the table topv and the drum and thereby become misplaced or damaged.

The upper section of the drum is in the form of a disk-l like member which engages the annular side member 120 of the lower section. The upper section 130 formsy anl enclosure with the lower section of the drum, with the upper section parallel to the disk-shaped bottom portion 118 of the lower section. The upper section 130 is heldV place on the side portionl 120 by a plurality of screw When one of the cards is fed from the feed station 18- towards the center of the drum to minimize the turbulence i o fair flowing through the drum and to provide a streamlined path for the air which is drawn in through the orices 122 and 124. The undersurface of -upper section 130 is bulged to have a convex shape. This convex shape cooperates with the ring in providing a smooth path for the air drawn in through the orifices 122 and 124.

.A portion 118 of the lower section of the drum 12 contams a central opening which is defined by an annular collar 141. The collar 141 lits on a second collar 142 positioned at the end of a vertical shaft 144. This shaft extends into the opening in the lower portion 118 ofthe drum in press .it with that portion. Therefore, rotation of the hollow shaft 144 causes the drum 12 to rotate. Moreover, the interior of the shaft 144 communicates with the interior of the drum 12. v

Bearings 146 are provided at opposite ends of the shaft 144. The inner races of the bearings 146 are mounted on the shaft 144, and the outer races of these bearings are disposed against -bushings 148. The bushings 148 are secured to a housing 150 by a plurality of studs 152.

' An opening 156 is provi-ded in the housing 150 between the bearings 146 so that a drive belt 158 may extend through the opening into the housing 150' and around a pulley 160. The pulley is keyed to the shaft 144 between the bearings 146, and the pulley is held against axial movement by a pair of sleeves 162. These sleeves are mounted on the shaft 144 and are respectively positioned between the pulley and respective ones of the .bearings 146.

The bearings 1-46 and the sleeves 162 are hel-d on the shaft 144 by a nut 166. This nut is screwed on a threaded portion at the bottom of the shaft, and a lock washer 164 is interposed lbetween it and the lower bearing 146. A sealing disk 168 is also screwed on the threaded portion at the bottom of the shaft 144. The sealing disk 168 operates in conjunction with a bottom plate 170 to resist the movement of air between the interior of the housing 150 and the interior of the hollow shaft 144 when a pressure differential exists between the housingand the shaft.

The bottom plate 170 is secured to the housing 150 by a plurality of studs 172, and the `bottom plate has a central circular opening. A hollow conduit 174 extends into the opening in the bottom plate 170 and in friction fit with that plate. A conduit 174 is axially aligned with the hollow shaft 144 so that air may be exhausted from the hollow interiors of the shaft and the con-duit by a vacuum pump 176. This pump maybe of any suitable known construction and for that reason is shown in block fonm only.

The vacuum pump 176 draws air inwardly through the slots 1-22 and 124 and through the interior of the drum downwardly through the shaft 144 and through the conduit 174. This creates a vacuum pressure at the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion 120 of the lower section of the drum 10. The deflector ring 140 and the convex under side of the section 130 assures that air will flow smoothly and with a yminimum of turbulence. This enables a high and adequate vacuum pressure to be produced around the outer surface of the annular side portion 120 firmly to retain the cards on that surface.

Details of the gate transfer mechanism 52 are shownl in FIGURE 5. As noted above, the gate transfer mech anisms 60, 56 yand 58 may Ibe similarly constructed. As also noted, each of these gate transfer mechanisms is constructed to emit a pressurized stream of fluid tangentially of the drum with which it is associated, The individual gate transfer mechanisms are also positioned to be space-d a slight distance from the periphery of their associated drums to enable cards to be transferred past them "by the drums when the streams of pressurized fluid from respective ones of the gate transfer mechanisms are interrupted.

The gate transfer mechanism 52, as Imentioned above, is positioned at the contiguous point between the vacuum transport drums 12 and 14. As also noted, the gate is positioned in a generally tangential relation with the periphery of the drum 12, but is spaced from the periphery a distance sufficient to allow cards on the drum 12 to be `circulated by the drum past the gate when its pressurized streams are interrupted.

As illustrated in FIGURE 1, the gate 52 has a plan shape corresponding essentially to a tear drop, and it is symmetrical about its central axis. This central axis, as previously mentioned, is tangential to the periphery of the drum 12.

The gate 52 has such a tapered configuration so that its narrow end or mouth may be adjacent the periphery of the drum 12. It has a body portion 201 which has a hollow interior 200 of an essentially bell-shaped configuration. This hollow interior defines a mouth portion shown in FIGURE 5, and a thin strip 202 is mounted across the mouth portion. This strip is provided with a pair of apertures 204, and these apertures extend through the strip in respective alignment with the peripheral slots 122 and 124 in the drum 12. The gate transfer mechanism 52 is constructed so that the pressurized fluid such as air which is introduced into its hollow interior 200 may pass through the apertures 204 to constitute high pressure streams. Also, the gate is positioned so that the streams emerging from the apertures 204 extend in alignment with the peripheral slots 124 and 126 of the drum in essentially tangential relationship with the drum.

A passageway 206 extends back from the interior 200 of the gate transfer mechanism, and this passageway bends downwardly to communicate with a threaded tubular nipple 210. The nipple 210 extends down through an aperture in the ta-ble top 11 and is held in place by a nut 212. The nut 212 is threaded to the nipple 210 and engages the underside of the table top. The gate transfer mechanism may be mounted, therefore, by inserting the tubular nipple 210 in the aperture in the table top 11, and then by tightening the nut 212 after the gate transfer mechanism is given its proper angular position. This angular position is such that the streams of pressurized fluid from the apertures 204 pass tangentially of the drum 12, and the position is also such that the gate is spaced slightly from the periphery of the drum to enable cards to be circulated past it by the drum when the pressurized fluid is interrupted. The tubular nipple 210y may be coupled to a suitable source of pressurized fluid by an -appropriate feed'line, and a solenoid actuated valve may be mounted in the feed line to control the introduction of pressurized fluid to the gate transfer mechanism.

As noted previously, the operations described above are controlled automatically by the logic control system of FIGURE 6. The system of FIGURE 6 includes a source of direct voltage 220 which has a grounded common terminal, as well as a positive terminal and a neg-ative terminal.

The transcriber for the punched tape 22 of FIGURE 1 includes a series of four transducer heads 24a, 24b, 24C and 24d. Each of these heads is positioned to scan a different row of punched data on the punched t-ape 22. The punched tape, as shown in FIGURE 6, may, for example, include a top row which contains a perforation at the end of each set of identifying data, and these top row punchings serve to control the release of cards from the feed station 18. The other heads process the punched identifying data on the tape to produce electrical signals corresponding to the coded equivalent of the particular document number and page numbers which are to be inscribed on the different master cards.

The transducers 23a, 23h, 23C and 23d are connected respectively to a plurality of amplifiers 222, 224, 226 and 228 in the transcriber. is represented in FIGURE 6 by a group of transducer heads 24a, 24b and 24o. These heads are positioned to process different rows of the magnetic storage area of each master card, as such card is transported past these heads by the drum 14. The heads 24a, 24b and 24e are usual electro-magnetic write heads, and they receive signals from respective ones of the amplifiers 224, 226 and 228. It is evident that the number of heads 23b, 23C, 23d, and 24a, 24b and 24C will correspond to the number required to read all the rows of identifying dat-a which are to be transferred from the punched tape 22 onto the magnetic storage portion of the master cards. Three such heads are shown for each group in FIGURE 6 for purposes of simplicity.

The amplifier 222 is connected to the left input terminal of a flip-flop 230. The flip-flop 230, and those to be referred to subsequently in the present specification, may be any known type of bistable relaxation network. Flipflops are well known to the digital computer and related arts. These networks are usually equipped with a pair of input terminals and a pair of output terminals, and they are triggered from one state to another by a negativegoing pulse introduced to these input terminals. For example, when a negative-going pulse is introduced to the left input terminal of the flip-flop 230 it is triggered to a true state in which a relatively high voltage is produced -at the left output terminal. The flip-flop will remain in that state indefinitely, and until a negative-going pulse is introduced to the right input terminal. When that occurs, the flip-flop is triggered to a false state at which a relatively high voltage is exhibited at its right output terminal and a relatively low voltage is produced -at its left output terminal.

The transducer 24 of FIGURE 3 y aser/,46a

The amplifier 222 is also connected to a delay line 232, o f any known construction, and the output terminal of the delay line connects with the right input terminal of the flip-flop 230.

The left output terminal of the fiip-op 23@ is connected to the control grid of a triode 234. The cathode of this triode is grounded, and a resistor 236 is connected to the control grid and to the negative terminal of the source of direct voltage 220, The actuating winding of the feed head 50 is connected to the anode of the triode and to the positive terminal of the source 220. This activating winding is associated with the solenoid valve which controls the vacuum pressure at the feed head. Whenever the triode 234 is rendered conductive, a current flows through this winding to close the valve and interrupt the vacuum pressure. Therefore, a c-ard may be released from the feed station 18, each time the flipop 230 is triggered to a true state. When that occurs, the relatively high voltage at the left output terminal of the fiip-flop causes the triode 234 t-o become conductive so that the card will be released. The delay time of the delay line 232 is such that the flip-fiop 23) is returned to a false state, and the triode 234 is rendered non-conductive, as soon as a single card has been released from the feed station 18 and before a second card is released.

The amplifier 222 is also connected to a delay line 238, and the delay line supplies its output signal to the left input terminal of a flip-flop 238 and to the input terminal of a delay line .240. The output terminal of the delay line is connected to the right input terminal of the fiipfiop 238, and the left output terminal of the flip-flop connects with the control grid of a triode 242. The control grid is connected to one terminal -of a resistor 244, and the other terminal of the resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the source of direct voltage 220.

Like the triode 234, and like the triode circuits which will be described, the triode 242 is biased by the source 220 to a non-conductive state when the flip-flop 23S is in its false state. However, when the flip-flop 238 is triggered to a true state, the resulting high voltage at its left output terminal is sufficient to overcome the negative bias on the triode 242 and to render the triode conductive. Likewise, whenever the ip-fiop 230, and the fiip-flops which will be described and which are respectively as* sociated with the triodes to be described, are triggered to their true states, the corresponding triode is rendered conductive.

The activating winding of the solenoid valve of the gate transfer mechanism 52 is included in the anode circuit of the triode 242, this winding having one terminal connected to the anode of that triode and having its other terminal connected to the positive terminal of the source 220. Whenever the triode 242 is rendered conductive, the resulting current flow through the activating winding causes the solenoid valve to open so that the gate transfer mechanism 52 is capable `of emitting streams of pressurized fluid to transfer each card coming within their influence from the drum l2 to the drum 14.

The amplifier 222 is also connected to the armature of a switch 246. This switch is closed during the operation now being described. However, for an operation of the system to be described subsequently, this switch is opened. The fixed contact of the switch 246 is connected to a group of delay lines 248, 25th and 252.

The delay line 248 is connected to the left input terminal of a flip-flop 25) and to a delay line 252. The output terminal of the delay line 252 connects with the right input terminal of the flip-flop 250. The left output terminal of the flip-flop 250 is connected to the control grid of a triode 254. The control grid is connected to a resistor 256 which, in turn, is connected to the negative terminal of the source 220 of direct voltage. The cathode of the triode 254 is grounded, and the anode of this triode is connected to one terminal of the activating winding of the solenoid valve associated with the gate transfer mechanism 56. The other terminal of this winding is connected to the positive terminal of the source 220. Whenever the flip-Hop 256 is triggered to a true state, the triode 254 is rendered conductive to energize the winding of the solenoid valve and to :open the valve so that the gate transfer mechanism 56 can emit streams of pressurized fluid tangentially of the peripheral surface of the drum 14.

The delay line 250 connects with the left input terminal of a flip-flop 258. A delay line 260 is connected between the left input terminal of the flip-flop 25S and its right input terminal. The left output terminal of the flip-flop 258 is connected to one of the input terminals of an and network 262. The and network has a second input terminal which is connected to the output terminal of a single-shot multivibrator 264. A switch 266 is mechanically coupled to the shaft of the low speed intermittent transport drum i6; This switch, or series of switches in parallel7 is controlled to close each time the drum enters into a dwell interval as it is intermittently rotated.

And networks, such as the network 262, are well known to the electronic digital computer art. In present day systems, these and networks are usually constructed to include transistors or diodes. The transistors or diodes in the network are so connected that the network is capable of passing a signal to its output terminal, only when each of its input terminals has a signal introduced to it, and upon the simultaneous introduction of such input signals.

- Single-shot multivibrator networks are equally well known to the electronic digital computer art, and to the electronic art in general. This network is a mono-stable relaxation oscillator. In the present embodiment, it responds to an instantaneous ground connection on its input terminal to be triggered from a stable state to an unstable state. It then returns to its stable state after a predetermined interval. Therefore, each time the switch 266 is actuated, the multivibrator 264 is caused to generate an output pulse. This output pulse has a duration which is determined by the internal parameters of the multivibrator 264, and which is independent of the interval of closure of the switch 266.

The output terminal of the and network 262 is connected to the left input terminal of a flip-flop 268 and to a delay line 270. The output terminal of the delay line 270 is connected to the right input terminal of the fiipfiop 268.

The left output terminal of the flip-flop 268 is connected to the control grid of a triode 272. The cathode of the triode 272 is grounded, and the control grid of the triode is connected to one terminal of a resistor 274. The other terminal of the resistor 274 is connected to the negative terminal of the source 220. The anode of the triode 272 is connected to the activating winding of a control relay 27 6, the other terminal of this winding being connected to the positive terminal of the source 22). The control relay 276 may have a usual construction which is well known to the photographic art. When the winding of the control relay is energized, the relay functions to activate the lamp 66 of FIGURE 3 so that the exposure of the seven microfilm frames onto the master card may take place. Then, at the end of a timed interval, this relay serves to deactivate the exposure lamp, and to advance the microfilm so that :the next seven frames are brought into the exposing position, so that they may be exposed onto the next master card.

The delay line 252 connects with the left input terminal of a flip-flop 278 and with the input terminal of a delay line 230. The delay line 230 is connected to the right input terminal of the flip-flop 273, and the left output terminal of the ip-flop is connected to the control grid of a triode 282. A resistor 284 is connected to the control grid of the triode 282 and to the negative terminal of the source of direct voltage 220. The cathode of the triode 282 is grounded, and the anode of this triode is connected to the activating winding of the solenoid valve associated with the gate transfer mechanism 58. The other terminal of this winding is connected to the positive terminal 13 of the source 220. Whenever the nip-flop 278 is triggered to a true state, the triode 282 is rendered conductive, and the gate transfer mechanism 58 is caused to emit streams of pressurized uid to effect a transfer of a card from the drum 16 back to the drum 14.

The amplifier 222 is further connected to a delay line 286, and this delay line has an output terminal connected to the left input terminal of a flip-nop 288 and to the input terminal of a delay line 290. The output terminal of the delay line 290 is connected to the right input terminal of the flip-flop 288. The left outp-ut terminal of the flip-flop 288 is connected to the control grid of a triode 292. A resistor 294 is connected to the control grid of the triode 292 and to the negative terminal of the source 22). The cathode of the triode 220 is grounded, and its anode is connected to one terminal of the activating winding of the solenoid valve associated with the gate transfer mechanism 60. The other terminal of this valve is connected to the positive terminal of the source of direct voltage 220. Whenever the Hip-flop 288 is triggered to a true state, the triode 292 is rendered conductive, and the resulting current flows through the winding of the solenoid valve associated with the gate transfer mechanism to obtain an emission of streams of pressurized fluid for transfer purposes.

As the tape 22 is drawn past the transducer heads 23a, 2317, 23C and 23d, a punching in the top row of the tape is sensed by the head 23a, and this causes the amplifier 222 to develop a positive-going pulse. This pulse is introduced to the left input terminal of the iiip-flop 230, and t-he negative-going trailing edge of this pulse triggers the ip-op to a true state. This causes the triode 234 to become conductive, so that a card is released from the feed station 18 to the periphery of the drum 12. As described above, tlhe delay line 232 returns the flip-fiop 230 to a false state before a second card has a chance to be released from the feed station.

The released card is carried on the periphery of the drum 12 to the gate transfer mechanism 52. The delay line 236 delays the pulse from the amplifier 222 so that the flip-Hop 238 is triggered to a true state at the same time lthat the released card is brought into the environment of the gate transfer mechanism 52. This causes the gate transfer mechanism S2 to emit its streams of pressurized fluid at the proper time to transfer the released card to the drum 14.

The released card is now carried by the drum 14 past the transducer heads 24a, 24b and 24C. A usual buffer may be used, or the drive of the punched tape 22 may be synchronized, so that the released master card reaches the heads 24a, 24]; and 24C at the same time that the transducer heads 23h, 23e and 23d process the identifying data on the punched tape corresponding to the released master card. This data is therefore transferred to the master card and appears in its magnetic storage area as a magnetic recording. As noted, this recording is -a coded indication of the document number and the page numbers of the documentary images that are to be transcribed on the master card.

After the master card has received the magnetic recordings from the transducer heads 24a, 2411 and 24C, it is carried by the drum 14 into the proximity of the gate transfer mechanism 56. The switch 246 is closed during the transcribing and recording operation now being described and covered by FIGURES 1 to 6,.inclusive, and the delay line 248 causes the pulse from theampli-fier 222 to trigger the flip-nop 250 to its true state at the proper timeto activate the gate 56 so that the released master card may be transferred by it to the low speed intermittent drum 16. In the manner described, tlie card from the high speed drum 14 is brought against one of tlhe ribs 54 of the drum 16 and held there until the intermittent rotation of the drum 16 carries the card past the gate transfer mechanisms 56 and 53.

The master card is now carried bythe drum 16 past the exposure station 26. The delay line 250 assures that the flip-flop 258 will be triggered to a true state by the pulse from the amplifier 222 at the exact time that the card on the drum 16 is carried to the exposure station 26. The and network 262 is therefore conditioned for translation when the master card is brought to the exposure station. Then, when the loW speed disk 16 enters its next full dwell interval, the multivibrator 264 generates an output pulse which is translated by the and network 262 to trigger the flip-flop 268. This assures that the nip-flop 268 will be triggered to a true state at the start of a dwell period of the intermittently driven drum 16. This, in turn, assures that the photographic equipment at the exposure station will be activated at the start of a dwell period. This ohviates any possibility of the master card 'being moved during the exposure operations.

When the flip-flop 268 is triggered to a true state, the triode 272 is rendered conductive so that the relay 276 is activated. Then, and in the described manner, the corresponding seven frames of the microfilm are exposed onto the master card. The master card is then carried to the developing station 28, and it emerges from the latter station with its documentary images recorded on its photographic section, and with the identifying magnetic data recorded on its magnetic storage section.

The card is now transported by the drum 16 to the gate transfer mechanism 58. The delay line 252 assures that the flip-flop 278 will be triggered to its true state -at the proper moment to activate the gate 58 and to transfer the master card back to the drum 14. The delay line 280, like the delay lines 240, 252 and 290, returns its associated flip-flop to a false state to turn off the corresponding gate transfer mechanisms after each card transfer has been completed.

The master card is now carried on the drum 14 to the gage transfer mechanism 61). The delay line 286 assures that the flip-flop 288 will be triggered to a true state at the proper time to activate the gate 60 and transfer the master card back to the drum 12. The master card is then carried to the stack station 20 and is arrested at that station in the described manner. These operations all occur `before the next release punching on the tape 22 is read by the transducer head 23a. When the next release punching is so read by that transducer head, the next card is released from the feed station 18 and the operations are repeated on that card. These operations are continued until each card contains its group of photographic images from the microfilm, with each group beingV identified by magnetic information from the punched tape corresponding to the proper document numbers and' page numbers.

There are now a series of master cards in the stack station 20, each bearing a group of document images which are identified by the document number. However, the document itself may have several fields of applicability. For example, a designation as to Los Angeles may have applicability in different classifications such as California, United States, North America and cities For that reason, the present invention provides a separate index card for each different field of application of the document. Within the concepts of the present invention, a group of index cards for each document is made up and tlhe documentary images from the :master cards are transferred to each index card bearing the same document number, and the index cards are then automatically placed in different files corresponding to the different areas of applicability of the document in question.

Each document, as it is received, is studied and for each area of applicability, an indexing record is produced. This indexing record will include the document number, an identification of the subject of coverage, and any additional pertinent information which should be included. Th-e resulting record is punched onto a paper tape in known manner and by the use of known equipment. The record, or portions of it, is repeated on the tape for each different field of `applicability so that a separate index card for each such field may be made up. Then, by use of apparatus similar t-o that described in conjunction with FIGURES 3 and '6, a stack of index cards from the feed station 18 receives the data from the punched tape, and these cards are stacked in the stack station 20. For the latter operations, however, the switch 246 is opened so that there will be no transfer of these latter cards onto the drum 16. The cards in the stack station now have recordings on their magnetic storage areas only. These recordings will include the document number, the index Vrecord as described above,

' and there may be several of `such cards for each previously prepared master card depending upon how many different areas of applicability the document in question may have.

It will be assumed that the index cards in their stack are sorted in an ascending or descending progression of document numbers. If, for any reason, the master cards in their stack or the index cards in their stack become unsorted, appropriate sorting equipment m-ay be used to sort these cards in their individual stacks as an ascending or descending progression of document numbers.

The next step is to transfer the documentary images from each master card onto the index cards associated with the master card. It will be remembered that a stack of master cards has previously been obtained, and V'each master card in the stack is identified by a document nurnber. For purposes of simplicity, it will be assumed that a different document is represented by each master card. However, as described above, the same document may have different pages on each of a group of master cards. It will also be assumed that the document numbers recorded on the master cards are in an ascending or descending progression. That is, the master cards in the stack are sorted with respect to their document numbers.

Also, it will be :assumed that a stack has been provided which includes a plurality of index cards. Each index card in the stack is identified by a document number corresponding to a document number on an equivalent master card. However, each master card may have several index cards in the second stack, as indicated above.

The apparatus to be described in conjunction with FIGURES 7 and 8 is capable of taking the cards of the master stack and of the index stack described above and collating the cards into a single stack. The result of this collating process is to provide a single stack in which each master card bearing a particular document number is followed by all the index cards having the same document number. The collating apparatus is shown as a constructed to emit streams of pressurized fluid, such as air, in a tangential direction relative to the periphery of the drum 310. These streams of air cause a card transported on the periphery of the drum 310 and coming under their influence to be stripped from the drum 310 and transferred to the peripheral -surface of the drum 314.

A similar gate transfer mechanism 318 is mounted on the table top 311, and this latter gate transfer mechanism is positioned to direct streams of uid, such as air, under pressure in a tangential direction relative to the periphery of the drum 312. In the same manner as the streams of air from the gate 316, the streams of pressurized air from the Vgate 318 effectuate the transfer of cards coming under their iniiuence from the drum 312 to the drum 314. Both the gate transfer mechanisms 316 and 318 may be continuously activated when the apparatus of FIGURE 7 is in operation.

A first feed type of card holding station 320 is positioned on the table top 311 with its mouth adjacent the periphery of the drum 31). This feed station 320 is constructed in the same manner as the feed station 18 of FIGURE 3, and it is intended to hold the master cards, for example, in a stacked condition with the lower edges of the cards resting on the table top 311.

In the described manner, a vacuum pressure is established at the periphery of the drum 310. This vacuum pressure tends to Withdraw the leading card from the station 320 so that the leading card may be transported on the periphery of the drum. The release of the leading card from the station is opposed, however, by a vacuum pressure feed head 322 which is similar t-o the feed head Sti of FIGURE 3.

The feed head 322 is mounted adjacent the leading wall of the station 32), and it extends partially across the mouth of the station to engage the face of the leading card in the station. A vacuum pressure is established at lthe feed head `322 which is sufficient to overcome the tendency of the drum 310 lto withdraw the leading card from the station 320. However, a solenoid-actuated valve 324 is interposed in the line coupling the feed head 322 to a suitable vacuum pressure source. The solenoid valve 324 is controlled in a manner t-o be described so that the vacuum pressure exerted by lthe feed head 322 Y on the tleading card in the station 20 may be controllably top plan view in FIGURE 7 and the logic control sysv tem for the apparatus is shown in FIGURE 8.

The apparatus of FIGURE 7 includes suitable transport means such las rotatable vacuum pressure transporting drum 310. The drum 310 may be rotatably mounted on a suitable horizontal table top 311, and the drum is considered as being rotatable in a counterclockwise direction. A second horizontalrotatable vacuum pressure transporting drum 312 may also be mounted on the table top 311. Likewise, a third or common rotatable vacuum pressure transporting drum 314 is mounted on the table top 311 to be adjacent both the drums 310 and 312. The drum 312 is rotatable in a `counterclockwise direction, and the drum 314 is rotatable in a clockwise direction.

The drums 310, 312 and 314 may be constructed in a manner similar to the drum 12 described above.

A first gate transfer mechanism 316 is mounted on the table top 311, and this gate transfer mechanism is disposed between the drums 310 land 314 near the contiguous point of these two drums. The gate transfer mechanism 316 may be similar -to the gate transfer mechanism 52 described above.. The gate transfer mechanism 316 is interrupted. Whenever the vacuum pressure is so interrupted, the leading card is released from the station 329 to the periphery of the drum 310. The solenoid valve 324 is normally open, and when it is energized it closes to interrupt the vacuum pressure at the feed station.

A plurality of electromagnetic transducer heads, represented by the transducer 326, are mounted on the table top 11 adjacent the trailing wall of the station 320. The transducer 326 is placed as close to the trailing wall as possible. The purpose of the transducer 326 is to process each master card released from the input station 320 immediately upon the release of the card.

A hold station 328 is also mounted on the table top 311,V

and the hold station 328 is positioned adjacent the periphery of the drum 310. This hold station may be similar to that described in copending application Serial No. 638,033, filed February 4, 1957, in the name of Alfred M. Nelson, et al.; or in copending application Serial No.

' 689,347, filed October 10, 1957, in the name of Eric Azari et al. The hold station is positioned on the table top 311, and each card transported by the drum 310 rides up and over a pick-off member included in the station. A vacuum pressure is controllably established at the surface of the pick-off member so that any card transported over it may be controllably arrested and held.

The vacuum pressure is supplied to the pick-off member in the hold station 328 from a suitable vacuum pressure source and through a feed line 331. This feed line includes a solenoid valve 330. Whenever the solenoid valve 33t? is not energized, it is open and the resulting vacuum pressure at the hold station 328 arrests any card transported on the periphery of the drum 310 and riding 

1. A METHOD OF PROVIDING INFORMATION STORAGE CARDS HAVING PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES FORMED THEREON AND FURTHER HAIVNG DATA IDENTIFYING SUCH IMAGES RECORDED THEREON, WHICH METHOD INCLUDES THE STEPS OF FORMING PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES CORRESPONDING TO DIFFERENT DOCUMENTS ON A FILM STRIP, RECORDING DIFFERENT DIGITAL DATA AT A SELECTED POSITION ON EACH OF A PLURALITY OF MASTER CARDS TO IDENTIFY THE INDIVIDUAL MASTER CARDS WITH RESPECT TO THE DIFFERENT DOCUMENT IMAGES ON THE FILM STRIP, CAUSING DIFFERENT PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES FROM THE FILM STRIP TO BE EXPOSED ON DIFFERENT ONES OF THE MASTER CARDS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DIGITAL DATA ON SUCH MASTER CARDS SO THAT THE IMAGES ON THE FILM STRIP OF A PARTICULAR DOCUMENT ARE EXPOSED ON A MASTER CARD BEARING DIGITAL DATA IDENTIFYING THAT DOCUMENT, PROVIDING A PLURALITY OF INFORMATION STORAGE INDEX CARDS BEARING DIGITAL DATA AT A SELECTED POSITION ON EACH SUCH CARD CORRESPONDING TO THE DOCUMENT-IDENTIFYING DIGITAL DATA ON RESPECTIVE ONES OF THE MASTER CARDS, COLLATING THE MASTER CARDS AND THE INDEX CARDS WITH RESPECT TO THE DOCUMENT-IDENTIFYING DIGITAL DATA THEREON INTO A STACK WITH EACH MASTER CARD BEING GROUPED WITH ALL THE INDEX CARDS BEARING CORRESPONDING DOCUMENT-IDENTIFYING DIGITAL DATA, INTRODUCING EACH MASTER CARD AND AN INDEX CARD BEARING CORRESPONDING DOCUMENT-IDENTIFYING DATA INTO A PHOTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION SYSTEM, AND SHINING LIGHT THROUGH THE PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGE ON EACH OF THE MASTER CARDS AND ONTO THE INDEX CARD BEARING CORRESPONDING DOCUMENT-IDENTIFYING DATA TO CAUSE PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES ON EACH OF THE MASTER CARDS TO BE EXPOSED ON EACH OF THE INDEX CARDS BEARING CORRESPONDING DOCUMENT-IDENTIFYING DIGITAL DATA. 